According to the PPP Center of the Ministry of Finance (click the bottom of this page to read the original text for full text), the “Technical Report on Public-Private Partnerships to Promote Sustainable Development” drafted by the BRICS Working Group on PPP and Infrastructure has been approved by the Second Financial Institution in 2022. It was approved by the BRICS Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors Meeting at the 14th BRICS Leaders’ Meeting.
1. Project Description
Project Description Yuanmou County is located in the dry-hot valley area, known as the “natural greenhouse”. It is one of the production bases for the development of tropical economic crops and vegetables in early winter. The water problem is serious.
Before the implementation of the project, the annual irrigation water demand in the region was 92.279 million m³, the water supply was only 66.382 million m³, and the water shortage rate was 28.06%. The county has an area of 429,400 mu of arable land, and the effective irrigation area is only 236,900 mu. The irrigation deficiency rate is as high as 44.83%. The implementation of this project will cover an area of 114,000 mu of farmland, effectively improve the efficiency of water resources utilization, solve the obstacles to agricultural development caused by water shortage in Yuanmou County, change the unsustainable water resources utilization method, and change the traditional flood irrigation method to targeted Therefore, high-efficiency water-saving irrigation can be achieved, and the situation of “government water saving, farmers’ income increase, and enterprise profit” can be achieved.
Under the guidance of the state’s policy of encouraging social capital to participate in the construction and operation of major water conservancy projects, this project is implemented through the PPP model (WeChat Public Account: Water Investment Policy Theory).
On the one hand, the fiscal revenue of the Yuanmou County government is at a relatively low level, and the PPP model effectively makes up for the lack of funds for infrastructure construction.
On the other hand, water conservancy projects are more sensitive to the investment amount, and their implementation and management have great uncertainty, requiring high professional knowledge and management level of water conservancy construction. The PPP model makes use of the advantages of social capital in design, construction and management. , control and save project investment.
In addition, the demand for water supply in the project area is relatively high, the water supply is guaranteed after the project is completed, and the conditions for implementing the agricultural comprehensive water price reform have been laid, which has laid the foundation for the implementation of the PPP model. After the project is completed, the annual water supply will be 44.822 million m³, the average annual water saving will be 21.58 million m³, and the water saving rate will be 48.6%.
The outputs of this project include:
(1) Two water intake works.
(2) Water delivery project: 32.33km of main water delivery pipes and 46 main water delivery pipes will be constructed, with a total pipeline length of 156.58km.
(3) Water distribution project, construct 801 water distribution main pipes with a pipe length of 266.2km; 1901 water distribution branch pipes with a pipe length of 345.33km; install 4933 DN50 smart water meters.
(4) Field engineering, construction of 4753 auxiliary pipes with a length of 241.73km. 65.56 million m of drip irrigation belts, 3.33 million m of drip irrigation pipes and 1.2 million drippers were laid.
(5) The high-efficiency water-saving information system is composed of four parts: the water transmission and distribution main network monitoring system, the meteorological and moisture information monitoring system, the construction of automatic water-saving irrigation demonstration sites, and the construction of the information system control center.
2. Project development and implementation highlights
(1) The government should reform the system and mechanism to remove the barriers to participation of social capital
The government has established 6 mechanisms. Yuanmou County Government has effectively solved the problem of attracting social capital to participate in the construction of farmland water conservancy facilities through the establishment of six mechanisms: water rights distribution, water price formation, water saving incentives, social capital introduction, mass participation, project management and contract management, and preliminary realization of farmland water conservancy facilities. The expected goals of reform, such as improvement, sound operation of projects, effective guarantee of water supply, rapid industrial development and continuous increase of farmers’ income, have formed a new model for social capital to participate in the construction, operation and management of farmland water conservancy facilities.
Innovative water management. In order to ensure the interests of the local people, while retaining the channel water supply, through the allocation of water rights and the formation mechanism of water price, price guidance is gradually adopted to give full play to the convenience, efficiency and saving characteristics of pipeline water supply, guide new irrigation methods, and finally achieve water resources. efficient use of water to achieve the goal of saving water. Yuanmou County is listed as a pilot county for the national agricultural comprehensive water price reform. The implementation of the project has promoted the innovation of water management and water rights distribution model.
(2) Social capital leverages its technological advantages to promote the intelligent development of agricultural irrigation
Build a farmland irrigation “water network” system. (WeChat Public Account: Water Investment Policy Theory) Construction of the water intake project of the reservoir, the water delivery project from the reservoir to the water delivery main pipe and the water delivery main pipe, including the water distribution project of the branch main pipe, the water distribution branch pipe and the auxiliary pipe, equipped with intelligent metering facilities , drip irrigation facilities, etc., forming a “water network” system covering the project area from the water source to the field, integrating “introduction, transportation, distribution, and irrigation”.
Establish a digital and intelligent “management network” and “service network”. The project installs high-efficiency water irrigation control equipment and wireless communication equipment, integrates control equipment such as smart water meters, electric valves, power supply systems, wireless sensing and wireless communication, and monitors soil moisture and weather changes for crop water consumption, fertilizer consumption, and drug consumption. , pipeline safety operation and other information is transmitted to the information center, the information center controls the switch of the electric valve according to the set value, alarm feedback, and data analysis results, and at the same time transmits the information to the mobile phone terminal, the user can operate remotely.
3. Project effectiveness
This project takes the construction of large-scale irrigation areas as the carrier, takes the innovation of the system and mechanism as the driving force, and boldly introduces social capital to participate in the input, construction, operation and management of farmland water conservancy, and achieves the goal of win-win for all parties.
(1) Social effects
Using modern agricultural technology to change the traditional planting mode:
This project has changed the traditional mode of agricultural planting, which is water-consuming, time-consuming and labor-intensive. By adopting the drip tube technology, the water utilization rate is as high as 95%, and the average water consumption per mu is reduced from 600-800m³ of flood irrigation to 180-240m³;
The number of management workers per mu of crop input has been reduced from 20 to 6, which reduces the workload of farmers to release water and saves irrigation labor;
The use of drip irrigation pipes to fertilize and apply pesticides greatly improves the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, which can save 30% of chemical fertilizers and pesticides compared with conventional application methods;
The use of pipelines for water supply ensures that the water source is guaranteed, and farmers do not need to invest in irrigation facilities and equipment themselves, which greatly reduces production investment. (WeChat Public Account: Water Investment Policy Theory)
Compared with flood irrigation, drip irrigation saves water, fertilizer, time and labor. The agricultural yield increase rate is 26.6% and the yield increase rate is 17.4%. Promote the development of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture.
Alleviate the shortage of water resources and promote sustainable social and economic development:
The project adopts the mode of “pipe water supply, credit card intake” and “top-up first, and then release water”, which changed the practice of “reconstruction and light pipe” in farmland water conservancy. The effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water was increased from 0.42 to 0.9, saving more than 21.58 million m³ of water every year. .
The public’s awareness of water saving has been significantly enhanced, the sustainable and healthy operation of irrigation projects has been realized, the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources has been alleviated, and social harmony and stability have been promoted.
The reduction of agricultural water consumption can relatively increase industrial water consumption and other water consumption, thereby promoting the development of regional industrial economy and other industrial economies.
Promote the promotion and application of good project experience in other regions:
After the completion of the project, Dayu Water Saving Group Co., Ltd. will also promote the application of this technology and management model in other places, such as Xiangyun County in Yunnan (irrigated area of 50,000 mu), Midu County (irrigated area 49,000 mu), Mile County (irrigated area of 50,000 mu), Yongsheng County (irrigated area of 16,000 mu), Xinjiang Shaya County (irrigated area of 153,500 mu), Gansu Wushan County (irrigated area of 41,600 mu), Hebei Huailai County (irrigated area of 82,000 mu), etc.
(2) Economic effects
To increase people’s income and increase local employment:
The cost of water per mu can be reduced from the original 1,258 yuan to 350 yuan, and the average income per mu will increase by more than 5,000 yuan;
The project company has 32 employees, including 25 local Yuanmou employees and 6 female employees. The operation of this project is mainly carried out by local people. It is estimated that the company can recover the cost in 5 to 7 years, with an average annual rate of return of 7.95%.
Farmers cooperatives have a minimum yield of 4.95%.
Accelerate industrial development and promote rural revitalization:
The implementation of this project reduces the cost of water per mu from RMB 1,258 to RMB 350, creating favorable conditions for intensive agricultural management.
Local farmers or village committees transfer their land to planting companies on their own, from traditional food crops to mangoes, longans, grapes, oranges and other economical fruits with high economic value, and develop a green, standardized and large-scale high-efficiency vegetable industry Base, build a tropical fruit science and technology park, increase the average income of more than 5,000 yuan per mu, and explore the way of integrated development of “industrial poverty alleviation + cultural poverty alleviation + tourism poverty alleviation”.
Farmers have achieved stable and sustained income growth through multiple channels such as planting, land transfer, nearby employment, and cultural tourism.
(3) Environmental effects
Reduce pesticide pollution and improve ecological environment:
Through effective monitoring and remediation of water quality, environment and soil, this project can promote the full use of farmland fertilizers and pesticides, reduce the loss of field fertilizers and pesticides with water, reduce non-point source pollution, promote green agricultural production models, and improve the ecological environment.
The implementation of this project has made the farmland water conservancy projects in the project area more systematic, with reasonable irrigation and drainage, neat fields, and suitable for mechanized farming. The agro-ecological artificial vegetation system and climate system are conducive to regulating and improving the field microclimate in the irrigated area, and reducing the threat of natural disasters such as drought, waterlogging and frost to agricultural production from an ecological perspective.
Ultimately realize the rational development and utilization of natural resources, ensure a virtuous circle of ecology, and create conditions for the sustainable development of irrigation areas.
(4) Management of financial risks and contingent expenditures
In 2015, the Chinese government issued the “Guidelines for the Demonstration of Financial Affordability of Public-Private Partnerships”, which stipulates that the fiscal expenditure responsibility of all PPP projects of governments at all levels needs to be arranged from the budget, and the proportion of the general public budget expenditure at the corresponding level should be no more than 10%.
According to this requirement, the PPP comprehensive information platform has established an online monitoring and early warning system for financial affordability, which comprehensively monitors the financial expenditure responsibility of each PPP project of each city and county government and its proportion to the general public budget expenditure at the same level. Accordingly, each new PPP project must carry out a financial affordability demonstration and be approved by the government at the same level.
This project is a user-paid project. During 2016-2037, the total cost to be expended by the government is 42.09 million yuan (including: 25 million yuan from the government for supporting facilities in 2018-2022; 17.09 million yuan contingent expenditure from the government in 2017-2037. Contingent expenditure is only in the Only when the corresponding risk occurs.) The annual expenditure of all PPP projects of the government at the same level does not exceed 10% of the general public budget at the same level, and the highest proportion occurred in 2018, at 0.35%.
Post time: Aug-03-2022
